Method and apparatus for transceiving signal of device-to-device communication terminal in wireless communication system

ABSTRACT

An embodiment of the present invention provides a method in which a terminal transmits a device-to-device (D2D) signal in a wireless communication system. The D2D signal transmission method includes: transmitting D2D control information; and transmitting D2D data corresponding to the D2D control information, wherein the D2D control information and the D2D data are transmitted in the same subframe, and the D2D control information and the D2D data are always adjacent to each other in the frequency axis.

TECHNICAL FIELD

Following description relates to a wireless communication system, andmore particularly, to a method of transmitting a signal for dynamicallychanging/indicating a position of a resource transmitted by atransmitter and an apparatus therefor.

BACKGROUND ART

Wireless communication systems have been widely deployed to providevarious types of communication services such as voice or data. Ingeneral, a wireless communication system is a multiple access systemthat supports communication of multiple users by sharing availablesystem resources (a bandwidth, transmission power, etc.) among them. Forexample, multiple access systems include a Code Division Multiple Access(CDMA) system, a Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) system, aTime Division Multiple Access (TDMA) system, an Orthogonal FrequencyDivision Multiple Access (OFDMA) system, a Single Carrier FrequencyDivision Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) system, and a Multi-Carrier FrequencyDivision Multiple Access (MC-FDMA) system.

D2D communication is a communication scheme in which a direct link isestablished between User Equipments (UEs) and the UEs exchange voice anddata directly without an evolved Node B (eNB). D2D communication maycover UE-to-UE communication and peer-to-peer communication. Inaddition, D2D communication may be applied to Machine-to-Machine (M2M)communication and Machine Type Communication (MTC).

D2D communication is under consideration as a solution to the overheadof an eNB caused by rapidly increasing data traffic. For example, sincedevices exchange data directly with each other without an eNB by D2Dcommunication, compared to legacy wireless communication, networkoverhead may be reduced. Further, it is expected that the introductionof D2D communication will reduce procedures of an eNB, reduce the powerconsumption of devices participating in D2D communication, increase datatransmission rates, increase the accommodation capability of a network,distribute load, and extend cell coverage.

Currently, discussion on V2X communication associated with D2Dcommunication is in progress. The V2X communication corresponds to aconcept including V2V communication performed between vehicle UEs, V2Pcommunication performed between a vehicle and a UE of a different type,and V2I communication performed between a vehicle and an RSU (roadsideunit).

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Technical Task

A technical task of the present invention is to provide a method ofdynamically transmitting a position of a resource transmitted by atransmitter.

Technical tasks obtainable from the present invention are non-limited bythe above-mentioned technical task. And, other unmentioned technicaltasks can be clearly understood from the following description by thosehaving ordinary skill in the technical field to which the presentinvention pertains.

Technical Solution

To achieve these and other advantages and in accordance with the purposeof the present invention, as embodied and broadly described, accordingto one embodiment, a method of transmitting a D2D (device-to-device)signal, which is transmitted by a user equipment in a wirelesscommunication system, includes the steps of transmitting D2D controlinformation, and transmitting D2D data corresponding to the D2D controlinformation. In this case, the D2D control information and the D2D dataare transmitted in the same subframe and the D2D control information andthe D2D data are always adjacent to each other in a frequency axis.

To further achieve these and other advantages and in accordance with thepurpose of the present invention, according to a different embodiment, auser equipment transmitting a D2D (device-to-device) signal in awireless communication system includes a transmitter and a receiver, anda processor, the processor configured to transmit D2D controlinformation, the processor configured to transmit D2D data correspondingto the D2D control information. In this case, the D2D controlinformation and the D2D data are transmitted in the same subframe andthe D2D control information and the D2D data are always adjacent to eachother in a frequency axis.

A different power offset value can be applied to the D2D controlinformation and the D2D data.

The power offset value can be changed according to a size of a resourceallocated to the D2D control information and the D2D data.

The D2D control information can be transmitted with power increased asmuch as a power offset.

The different power offset value can be transmitted in a manner of beingincluded in the D2D control information.

The D2D control information can be transmitted via one of candidateresources preconfigured in the frequency axis.

Positions of the candidate resources can determine a maximum value of asize of the D2D data.

The D2D control information and the D2D data can be consecutive in thefrequency axis.

The D2D control information can include information indicating one ofthe D2D control information and the D2D data using a higher frequencyband.

One of the D2D control information and the D2D data using a higherfrequency band can be identified according to a DMRS(demodulation-reference signal) shift value.

The D2D control information is transmitted via two separated resourceregions and the D2D data is concatenated with the two separated resourceregions in a highest frequency band and a lowest frequency band,respectively.

D2D control information included in the two separated resource regionsmay consist of the same codeword.

Advantageous Effects

According to the present invention, it is able to dynamically transmit aposition of a resource transmitted by a transmitter while latency isminimized.

Effects obtainable from the present invention are non-limited by theabove mentioned effect. And, other unmentioned effects can be clearlyunderstood from the following description by those having ordinary skillin the technical field to which the present invention pertains.

DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a furtherunderstanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute apart of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention andtogether with the description serve to explain the principles of theinvention.

FIG. 1 is a diagram for a structure of a radio frame;

FIG. 2 is a diagram for a resource grid in a downlink slot;

FIG. 3 is a diagram for a structure of a downlink subframe;

FIG. 4 is a diagram for a structure of an uplink subframe;

FIG. 5 is a diagram for a configuration of a wireless communicationsystem having multiple antennas;

FIG. 6 is a diagram for a subframe in which a D2D synchronization signalis transmitted;

FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining relay of a D2D signal;

FIG. 8 is a diagram for an example of a D2D resource pool for performingD2D communication;

FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining an SA period;

FIGS. 10 to 18 are diagrams illustrating various schemes fordistinguishing SA transmission from D2D data transmission in a frequencyaxis;

FIGS. 19 to 23 are diagrams illustrating various schemes fordistinguishing SA transmission from D2D data transmission in a timeaxis;

FIG. 24 is a diagram illustrating a different scheme;

FIG. 25 is a diagram for configurations of a transmitter and a receiver.

BEST MODE Mode for Invention

The embodiments of the present invention described hereinbelow arecombinations of elements and features of the present invention. Theelements or features may be considered selective unless otherwisementioned. Each element or feature may be practiced without beingcombined with other elements or features. Further, an embodiment of thepresent invention may be constructed by combining parts of the elementsand/or features. Operation orders described in embodiments of thepresent invention may be rearranged. Some constructions or features ofany one embodiment may be included in another embodiment and may bereplaced with corresponding constructions or features of anotherembodiment.

In the embodiments of the present invention, a description is made,centering on a data transmission and reception relationship between aBase Station (BS) and a User Equipment (UE). The BS is a terminal nodeof a network, which communicates directly with a UE. In some cases, aspecific operation described as performed by the BS may be performed byan upper node of the BS.

Namely, it is apparent that, in a network comprised of a plurality ofnetwork nodes including a BS, various operations performed forcommunication with a UE may be performed by the BS or network nodesother than the BS. The term ‘BS’ may be replaced with the term ‘fixedstation’, ‘Node B’, ‘evolved Node B (eNode B or eNB)’, ‘Access Point(AP)’, etc. The term ‘relay’ may be replaced with the term ‘Relay Node(RN)’ or ‘Relay Station (RS)’. The term ‘terminal’ may be replaced withthe term ‘UE’, ‘Mobile Station (MS)’, ‘Mobile Subscriber Station (MSS)’,‘Subscriber Station (SS)’, etc.

The term “cell”, as used herein, may be applied to transmission andreception points such as a base station (eNB), sector, remote radio head(RRH) and relay, and may also be extensively used by a specifictransmission/reception point to distinguish between component carriers.

Specific terms used for the embodiments of the present invention areprovided to help the understanding of the present invention. Thesespecific terms may be replaced with other terms within the scope andspirit of the present invention.

In some cases, to prevent the concept of the present invention frombeing ambiguous, structures and apparatuses of the known art will beomitted, or will be shown in the form of a block diagram based on mainfunctions of each structure and apparatus. Also, wherever possible, thesame reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings and thespecification to refer to the same or like parts.

The embodiments of the present invention can be supported by standarddocuments disclosed for at least one of wireless access systems,Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802, 3rdGeneration Partnership Project (3GPP), 3GPP Long Term Evolution (3GPPLTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), and 3GPP2. Steps or parts that are notdescribed to clarify the technical features of the present invention canbe supported by those documents. Further, all terms as set forth hereincan be explained by the standard documents.

Techniques described herein can be used in various wireless accesssystems such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Frequency DivisionMultiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), OrthogonalFrequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single Carrier-FrequencyDivision Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), etc. CDMA may be implemented as aradio technology such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) orCDMA2000. TDMA may be implemented as a radio technology such as GlobalSystem for Mobile communications (GSM)/General Packet Radio Service(GPRS)/Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE). OFDMA may beimplemented as a radio technology such as IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Evolved-UTRA (E-UTRA) etc. UTRA is a partof Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). 3GPP LTE is a partof Evolved UMTS (E-UMTS) using E-UTRA. 3GPP LTE employs OFDMA fordownlink and SC-FDMA for uplink. LTE-A is an evolution of 3GPP LTE.WiMAX can be described by the IEEE 802.16e standard (WirelessMetropolitan Area Network (WirelessMAN)-OFDMA Reference System) and theIEEE 802.16m standard (WirelessMAN-OFDMA Advanced System). For clarity,this application focuses on the 3GPP LTE and LTE-A systems. However, thetechnical features of the present invention are not limited thereto.

LTE/LTE-A Resource Structure/Channel

With reference to FIG. 1, the structure of a radio frame will bedescribed below.

In a cellular Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) wirelessPacket communication system, uplink and/or downlink data Packets aretransmitted in subframes. One subframe is defined as a predeterminedtime period including a plurality of OFDM symbols. The 3GPP LTE standardsupports a type-1 radio frame structure applicable to Frequency DivisionDuplex (FDD) and a type-2 radio frame structure applicable to TimeDivision Duplex (TDD).

FIG. 1(a) illustrates the type-1 radio frame structure. A downlink radioframe is divided into 10 subframes. Each subframe is further dividedinto two slots in the time domain. A unit time during which one subframeis transmitted is defined as a Transmission Time Interval (TTI). Forexample, one subframe may be 1 ms in duration and one slot may be 0.5 msin duration. A slot includes a plurality of OFDM symbols in the timedomain and a plurality of Resource Blocks (RBs) in the frequency domain.Because the 3GPP LTE system adopts OFDMA for downlink, an OFDM symbolrepresents one symbol period. An OFDM symbol may be referred to as anSC-FDMA symbol or symbol period. An RB is a resource allocation unitincluding a plurality of contiguous subcarriers in a slot.

The number of OFDM symbols in one slot may vary depending on a CyclicPrefix (CP) configuration. There are two types of CPs: extended CP andnormal CP. In the case of the normal CP, one slot includes 7 OFDMsymbols. In the case of the extended CP, the length of one OFDM symbolis increased and thus the number of OFDM symbols in a slot is smallerthan in the case of the normal CP. Thus when the extended CP is used,for example, 6 OFDM symbols may be included in one slot. If channelstate gets poor, for example, during fast movement of a UE, the extendedCP may be used to further decrease Inter-Symbol Interference (ISI).

In the case of the normal CP, one subframe includes 14 OFDM symbolsbecause one slot includes 7 OFDM symbols. The first two or three OFDMsymbols of each subframe may be allocated to a Physical Downlink ControlCHannel (PDCCH) and the other OFDM symbols may be allocated to aPhysical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH).

FIG. 1(b) illustrates the type-2 radio frame structure. A type-2 radioframe includes two half frames, each having 5 subframes, a DownlinkPilot Time Slot (DwPTS), a Guard Period (GP), and an Uplink Pilot TimeSlot (UpPTS). Each subframe is divided into two slots. The DwPTS is usedfor initial cell search, synchronization, or channel estimation at a UE.The UpPTS is used for channel estimation and acquisition of uplinktransmission synchronization to a UE at an eNB. The GP is a periodbetween an uplink and a downlink, which eliminates uplink interferencecaused by multipath delay of a downlink signal. One subframe includestwo slots irrespective of the type of a radio frame.

The above-described radio frame structures are purely exemplary and thusit is to be noted that the number of subframes in a radio frame, thenumber of slots in a subframe, or the number of symbols in a slot mayvary.

FIG. 2 illustrates the structure of a downlink resource grid for theduration of one downlink slot. A downlink slot includes 7 OFDM symbolsin the time domain and an RB includes 12 subcarriers in the frequencydomain, which does not limit the scope and spirit of the presentinvention. For example, a downlink slot may include 7 OFDM symbols inthe case of the normal CP, whereas a downlink slot may include 6 OFDMsymbols in the case of the extended CP. Each element of the resourcegrid is referred to as a Resource Element (RE). An RB includes 12×7 REs.The number of RBs in a downlink slot, NDL depends on a downlinktransmission bandwidth. An uplink slot may have the same structure as adownlink slot.

FIG. 3 illustrates the structure of a downlink subframe. Up to threeOFDM symbols at the start of the first slot in a downlink subframe areused for a control region to which control channels are allocated andthe other OFDM symbols of the downlink subframe are used for a dataregion to which a PDSCH is allocated. Downlink control channels used inthe 3GPP LTE system include a Physical Control Format Indicator CHannel(PCFICH), a Physical Downlink Control CHannel (PDCCH), and a PhysicalHybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) Indicator CHannel (PHICH). ThePCFICH is located in the first OFDM symbol of a subframe, carryinginformation about the number of OFDM symbols used for transmission ofcontrol channels in the subframe. The PHICH delivers an HARQACKnowledgment/Negative ACKnowledgment (ACK/NACK) signal in response toan uplink transmission. Control information carried on the PDCCH iscalled Downlink Control Information (DCI). The DCI transports uplink ordownlink scheduling information, or uplink transmission power controlcommands for UE groups. The PDCCH delivers information about resourceallocation and a transport format for a Downlink Shared CHannel(DL-SCH), resource allocation information about an Uplink Shared CHannel(UL-SCH), paging information of a Paging CHannel (PCH), systeminformation on the DL-SCH, information about resource allocation for ahigher-layer control message such as a Random Access Responsetransmitted on the PDSCH, a set of transmission power control commandsfor individual UEs of a UE group, transmission power controlinformation, Voice Over Internet Protocol (VoIP) activation information,etc. A plurality of PDCCHs may be transmitted in the control region. AUE may monitor a plurality of PDCCHs. A PDCCH is formed by aggregatingone or more consecutive Control Channel Elements (CCEs). A CCE is alogical allocation unit used to provide a PDCCH at a coding rate basedon the state of a radio channel. A CCE includes a plurality of REgroups. The format of a PDCCH and the number of available bits for thePDCCH are determined according to the correlation between the number ofCCEs and a coding rate provided by the CCEs. An eNB determines the PDCCHformat according to DCI transmitted to a UE and adds a Cyclic RedundancyCheck (CRC) to control information. The CRC is masked by an Identifier(ID) known as a Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) according tothe owner or usage of the PDCCH. If the PDCCH is directed to a specificUE, its CRC may be masked by a cell-RNTI (C-RNTI) of the UE. If thePDCCH is for a paging message, the CRC of the PDCCH may be masked by aPaging Indicator Identifier (P-RNTI). If the PDCCH carries systeminformation, particularly, a System Information Block (SIB), its CRC maybe masked by a system information ID and a System Information RNTI(SI-RNTI). To indicate that the PDCCH carries a Random Access Responsein response to a Random Access Preamble transmitted by a UE, its CRC maybe masked by a Random Access-RNTI (RA-RNTI).

FIG. 4 illustrates the structure of an uplink subframe. An uplinksubframe may be divided into a control region and a data region in thefrequency domain. A Physical Uplink Control CHannel (PUCCH) carryinguplink control information is allocated to the control region and aPhysical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) carrying user data is allocatedto the data region. To maintain the property of a single carrier, a UEdoes not transmit a PUSCH and a PUCCH simultaneously. A PUCCH for a UEis allocated to an RB pair in a subframe. The RBs of the RB pair occupydifferent subcarriers in two slots. Thus it is said that the RB pairallocated to the PUCCH is frequency-hopped over a slot boundary.

Reference Signals (RSs)

In a wireless communication system, a Packet is transmitted on a radiochannel. In view of the nature of the radio channel, the Packet may bedistorted during the transmission. To receive the signal successfully, areceiver should compensate for the distortion of the received signalusing channel information. Generally, to enable the receiver to acquirethe channel information, a transmitter transmits a signal known to boththe transmitter and the receiver and the receiver acquires knowledge ofchannel information based on the distortion of the signal received onthe radio channel. This signal is called a pilot signal or an RS.

In the case of data transmission and reception through multipleantennas, knowledge of channel states between Transmission (Tx) antennasand Reception (Rx) antennas is required for successful signal reception.Accordingly, an RS should be transmitted through each Tx antenna.

RSs may be divided into downlink RSs and uplink RSs. In the current LTEsystem, the uplink RSs include:

i) DeModulation-Reference Signal (DM-RS) used for channel estimation forcoherent demodulation of information delivered on a PUSCH and a PUCCH;and

ii) Sounding Reference Signal (SRS) used for an eNB or a network tomeasure the quality of an uplink channel in a different frequency.

The downlink RSs are categorized into:

i) Cell-specific Reference Signal (CRS) shared among all UEs of a cell;

ii) UE-specific RS dedicated to a specific UE;

iii) DM-RS used for coherent demodulation of a PDSCH, when the PDSCH istransmitted;

iv) Channel State Information-Reference Signal (CSI-RS) carrying CSI,when downlink DM-RSs are transmitted;

v) Multimedia Broadcast Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) RS used forcoherent demodulation of a signal transmitted in MBSFN mode; and

vi) positioning RS used to estimate geographical position informationabout a UE.

RSs may also be divided into two types according to their purposes: RSfor channel information acquisition and RS for data demodulation. Sinceits purpose lies in that a UE acquires downlink channel information, theformer should be transmitted in a broad band and received even by a UEthat does not receive downlink data in a specific subframe. This RS isalso used in a situation like handover. The latter is an RS that an eNBtransmits along with downlink data in specific resources. A UE candemodulate the data by measuring a channel using the RS. This RS shouldbe transmitted in a data transmission area.

Modeling of MIMO System

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a wirelesscommunication system having multiple antennas.

As shown in FIG. 5(a), if the number of transmit antennas is increasedto NT and the number of receive antennas is increased to NR, atheoretical channel transmission capacity is increased in proportion tothe number of antennas, unlike the case where a plurality of antennas isused in only a transmitter or a receiver. Accordingly, it is possible toimprove a transfer rate and to remarkably improve frequency efficiency.As the channel transmission capacity is increased, the transfer rate maybe theoretically increased by a product of a maximum transfer rate Roupon utilization of a single antenna and a rate increase ratio Ri.

R _(i)=min(N _(T) ,N _(R))  [Equation 1]

For instance, in an MIMO communication system, which uses 4 transmitantennas and 4 receive antennas, a transmission rate 4 times higher thanthat of a single antenna system can be obtained. Since this theoreticalcapacity increase of the MIMO system has been proved in the middle of90's, many ongoing efforts are made to various techniques tosubstantially improve a data transmission rate. In addition, thesetechniques are already adopted in part as standards for various wirelesscommunications such as 3G mobile communication, next generation wirelessLAN and the like.

The trends for the MIMO relevant studies are explained as follows. Firstof all, many ongoing efforts are made in various aspects to develop andresearch information theory study relevant to MIMO communicationcapacity calculations and the like in various channel configurations andmultiple access environments, radio channel measurement and modelderivation study for MIMO systems, spatiotemporal signal processingtechnique study for transmission reliability enhancement andtransmission rate improvement and the like.

In order to explain a communicating method in an MIMO system in detail,mathematical modeling can be represented as follows. It is assumed thatthere are NT transmit antennas and NR receive antennas.

Regarding a transmitted signal, if there are NT transmit antennas, themaximum number of pieces of information that can be transmitted is NT.Hence, the transmission information can be represented as shown inEquation 2.

s=└s ₁ ,s ₂ , . . . ,s _(N) _(T) ┘^(T)  [Equation 2]

Meanwhile, transmit powers can be set different from each other forindividual pieces of transmission information s₁, s₂, . . . , s_(N) _(T), respectively. If the transmit powers are set to P₁, P₂, . . . , P_(N)_(T) , respectively, the transmission information with adjusted transmitpowers can be represented as Equation 3.

ŝ=[ŝ ₁ ,ŝ ₂ , . . . ,ŝ _(N) _(T) ]^(T) [P ₁ s ₁ ,P ₂ s ₂ , . . . ,P _(N)_(T) s _(N) _(T) ]^(T)  [Equation 3]

In addition, ŝ can be represented as Equation 4 using diagonal matrix Pof the transmission power.

$\begin{matrix}{\hat{s} = {{\begin{bmatrix}P_{1} & \; & \; & 0 \\\; & P_{2} & \; & \; \\\; & \; & \ddots & \; \\0 & \; & \; & P_{N_{T}}\end{bmatrix}\begin{bmatrix}s_{1} \\s_{2} \\\vdots \\s_{N_{T}}\end{bmatrix}} = {Ps}}} & \left\lbrack {{Equation}\mspace{14mu} 4} \right\rbrack\end{matrix}$

Assuming a case of configuring NT transmitted signals x₁, x₂, . . . ,x_(N) _(T) , which are actually transmitted, by applying weight matrix Wto the information vector ŝ having the adjusted transmit powers, theweight matrix W serves to appropriately distribute the transmissioninformation to each antenna according to a transport channel state. x₁,x₂, . . . , x_(N) _(T) can be expressed by using the vector X asfollows.

$\begin{matrix}{\begin{matrix}{x = \begin{bmatrix}x_{1} \\x_{2} \\\vdots \\x_{i} \\\vdots \\x_{N_{T}}\end{bmatrix}} \\{= {\begin{bmatrix}w_{11} & w_{12} & \cdots & w_{1N_{T}} \\w_{21} & w_{22} & \cdots & w_{2N_{T}} \\\vdots & \; & \ddots & \; \\w_{i\; 1} & w_{i\; 2} & \cdots & w_{{iN}_{T}} \\\vdots & \; & \ddots & \; \\w_{N_{T}1} & w_{N_{T}2} & \cdots & w_{N_{T}N_{T}}\end{bmatrix}\begin{bmatrix}{\hat{s}}_{1} \\{\hat{s}}_{2} \\\vdots \\{\hat{s}}_{j} \\\vdots \\{\hat{s}}_{N_{T}}\end{bmatrix}}} \\{= {{W\hat{s}} = {WPs}}}\end{matrix}\quad} & \left\lbrack {{Equation}\mspace{14mu} 5} \right\rbrack\end{matrix}$

In Equation 5, W_(ij) denotes a weight between an i^(th) transmitantenna and j^(th) information. W is also called a precoding matrix.

If the NR receive antennas are present, respective received signals y₁,y₂, . . . , y_(N) _(R) of the antennas can be expressed as follows.

Y=[y ₁ ,y ₂ , . . . ,y _(N) _(R) ]^(T)  [Equation 6]

If channels are modeled in the MIMO wireless communication system, thechannels may be distinguished according to transmit/receive antennaindexes. A channel from the transmit antenna j to the receive antenna iis denoted by h_(ij). In h_(ij), it is noted that the indexes of thereceive antennas precede the indexes of the transmit antennas in view ofthe order of indexes.

FIG. 5(b) is a diagram illustrating channels from the NT transmitantennas to the receive antenna i. The channels may be combined andexpressed in the form of a vector and a matrix. In FIG. 5(b), thechannels from the NT transmit antennas to the receive antenna i can beexpressed as follows.

h _(i) ^(T) =[h _(i1) ,h _(i2) , . . . ,h _(iN) _(T) ]  [Equation 7]

Accordingly, all channels from the NT transmit antennas to the NRreceive antennas can be expressed as follows.

$\begin{matrix}{H = {\begin{bmatrix}h_{1}^{T} \\h_{2}^{T} \\\vdots \\h_{i}^{T} \\\vdots \\h_{N_{R}}^{T}\end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix}h_{11} & h_{12} & \cdots & h_{1N_{T}} \\h_{21} & h_{22} & \cdots & h_{2N_{T}} \\\vdots & \; & \ddots & \; \\h_{i\; 1} & h_{i\; 2} & \cdots & h_{{iN}_{T}} \\\vdots & \; & \ddots & \; \\h_{N_{R}1} & h_{N_{R}2} & \cdots & h_{N_{R}N_{T}}\end{bmatrix}}} & \left\lbrack {{Equation}\mspace{14mu} 8} \right\rbrack\end{matrix}$

An AWGN (Additive White Gaussian Noise) is added to the actual channelsafter a channel matrix H. The AWGN n₁, n₂, . . . , n_(N) _(R)respectively added to the NR receive antennas can be expressed asfollows.

n=[n ₁ ,n ₂ , . . . ,n _(N) _(R) ]^(T)  [Equation 9]

Through the above-described mathematical modeling, the received signalscan be expressed as follows.

$\begin{matrix}{\begin{matrix}{y = \begin{bmatrix}y_{1} \\y_{2} \\\vdots \\y_{i} \\\vdots \\y_{N_{R}}\end{bmatrix}} \\{= {{\begin{bmatrix}h_{11} & h_{12} & \cdots & h_{1N_{T}} \\h_{21} & h_{22} & \cdots & h_{2N_{T}} \\\vdots & \; & \ddots & \; \\h_{i\; 1} & h_{i\; 2} & \cdots & h_{{iN}_{T}} \\\vdots & \; & \ddots & \; \\h_{N_{R}1} & h_{N_{R}2} & \cdots & h_{N_{R}N_{T}}\end{bmatrix}\begin{bmatrix}x_{1} \\x_{2} \\\vdots \\x_{j} \\\vdots \\x_{N_{T}}\end{bmatrix}} + \begin{bmatrix}n_{1} \\n_{2} \\\vdots \\n_{i} \\\vdots \\n_{N_{R}}\end{bmatrix}}} \\{{{Hx} + n}}\end{matrix}\quad} & \left\lbrack {{Equation}\mspace{14mu} 10} \right\rbrack\end{matrix}$

Meanwhile, the number of rows and columns of the channel matrix Hindicating the channel state is determined by the number of transmit andreceive antennas. The number of rows of the channel matrix H is equal tothe number NR of receive antennas and the number of columns thereof isequal to the number NR of transmit antennas. That is, the channel matrixH is an NR×NT matrix.

The rank of the matrix is defined by the smaller of the number of rowsand the number of columns, which are independent from each other.Accordingly, the rank of the matrix is not greater than the number ofrows or columns. The rank rank(H) of the channel matrix H is restrictedas follows.

rank(H)≤min(N _(T) ,N _(R))  [Equation 11]

Additionally, the rank of a matrix can also be defined as the number ofnon-zero Eigen values when the matrix is Eigen-value-decomposed.Similarly, the rank of a matrix can be defined as the number of non-zerosingular values when the matrix is singular-value-decomposed.Accordingly, the physical meaning of the rank of a channel matrix can bethe maximum number of channels through which different pieces ofinformation can be transmitted.

In the description of the present document, ‘rank’ for MIMO transmissionindicates the number of paths capable of sending signals independentlyon specific time and frequency resources and ‘number of layers’indicates the number of signal streams transmitted through therespective paths. Generally, since a transmitting end transmits thenumber of layers corresponding to the rank number, one rank has the samemeaning of the layer number unless mentioned specially.

Synchronization Acquisition of D2D UE

Now, a description will be given of synchronization acquisition betweenUEs in D2D communication based on the foregoing description in thecontext of the legacy LTE/LTE-A system. In an OFDM system, iftime/frequency synchronization is not acquired, the resulting Inter-CellInterference (ICI) may make it impossible to multiplex different UEs inan OFDM signal. If each individual D2D UE acquires synchronization bytransmitting and receiving a synchronization signal directly, this isinefficient. In a distributed node system such as a D2D communicationsystem, therefore, a specific node may transmit a representativesynchronization signal and the other UEs may acquire synchronizationusing the representative synchronization signal. In other words, somenodes (which may be an eNB, a UE, and a Synchronization Reference Node(SRN, also referred to as a synchronization source)) may transmit a D2DSynchronization Signal (D2DSS) and the remaining UEs may transmit andreceive signals in synchronization with the D2DSS.

D2DSSs may include a Primary D2DSS (PD2DSS) or a Primary SidelinkSynchronization Signal (PSSS) and a Secondary D2DSS (SD2DSS) or aSecondary Sidelink Synchronization Signal (SSSS). The PD2DSS may beconfigured to have a similar/modified/repeated structure of a Zadoff-chusequence of a predetermined length or a Primary Synchronization Signal(PSS). Unlike a DL PSS, the PD2DSS may use a different Zadoff-chu rootindex (e.g., 26, 37). And, the SD2DSS may be configured to have asimilar/modified/repeated structure of an M-sequence or a SecondarySynchronization Signal (SSS). If UEs synchronize their timing with aneNB, the eNB serves as an SRN and the D2DSS is a PSS/SSS. Unlike PSS/SSSof DL, the PD2DSS/SD2DSS follows UL subcarrier mapping scheme. FIG. 6shows a subframe in which a D2D synchronization signal is transmitted. APhysical D2D Synchronization Channel (PD2DSCH) may be a (broadcast)channel carrying basic (system) information that a UE should firstobtain before D2D signal transmission and reception (e.g., D2DSS-relatedinformation, a Duplex Mode (DM), a TDD UL/DL configuration, a resourcepool-related information, the type of an application related to theD2DSS, etc.). The PD2DSCH may be transmitted in the same subframe as theD2DSS or in a subframe subsequent to the frame carrying the D2DSS. ADMRS can be used to demodulate the PD2DSCH.

The SRN may be a node that transmits a D2DSS and a PD2DSCH. The D2DSSmay be a specific sequence and the PD2DSCH may be a sequencerepresenting specific information or a codeword produced bypredetermined channel coding. The SRN may be an eNB or a specific D2DUE. In the case of partial network coverage or out of network coverage,the SRN may be a UE.

In a situation illustrated in FIG. 7, a D2DSS may be relayed for D2Dcommunication with an out-of-coverage UE. The D2DSS may be relayed overmultiple hops. The following description is given with the appreciationthat relay of an SS covers transmission of a D2DSS in a separate formataccording to a SS reception time as well as direct Amplify-and-Forward(AF)-relay of an SS transmitted by an eNB. As the D2DSS is relayed, anin-coverage UE may communicate directly with an out-of-coverage UE.

D2D Resource Pool

FIG. 8 shows an example of a UE1, a UE2 and a resource pool used by theUE1 and the UE2 performing D2D communication. In FIG. 8 (a), a UEcorresponds to a terminal or such a network device as an eNBtransmitting and receiving a signal according to a D2D communicationscheme. A UE selects a resource unit corresponding to a specificresource from a resource pool corresponding to a set of resources andthe UE transmits a D2D signal using the selected resource unit. A UE2corresponding to a reception UE receives a configuration of a resourcepool in which the UE1 is able to transmit a signal and detects a signalof the UE1 in the resource pool. In this case, if the UE1 is located atthe inside of coverage of an eNB, the eNB can inform the UE1 of theresource pool. If the UE1 is located at the outside of coverage of theeNB, the resource pool can be informed by a different UE or can bedetermined by a predetermined resource. In general, a resource poolincludes a plurality of resource units. A UE selects one or moreresource units from among a plurality of the resource units and may beable to use the selected resource unit(s) for D2D signal transmission.FIG. 8 (b) shows an example of configuring a resource unit. Referring toFIG. 8 (b), the entire frequency resources are divided into the N_(F)number of resource units and the entire time resources are divided intothe N_(T) number of resource units. In particular, it is able to defineN_(F)*N_(T) number of resource units in total. In particular, a resourcepool can be repeated with a period of N_(T) subframes. Specifically, asshown in FIG. 8, one resource unit may periodically and repeatedlyappear. Or, an index of a physical resource unit to which a logicalresource unit is mapped may change with a predetermined patternaccording to time to obtain a diversity gain in time domain and/orfrequency domain. In this resource unit structure, a resource pool maycorrespond to a set of resource units capable of being used by a UEintending to transmit a D2D signal.

A resource pool can be classified into various types. First of all, theresource pool can be classified according to contents of a D2D signaltransmitted via each resource pool. For example, the contents of the D2Dsignal can be classified into various signals and a separate resourcepool can be configured according to each of the contents. The contentsof the D2D signal may include SA (scheduling assignment), a D2D datachannel, and a discovery channel. The SA may correspond to a signalincluding information on a resource position of a D2D data channel,information on MCS (modulation and coding scheme) necessary formodulating and demodulating a data channel, information on a MIMOtransmission scheme, information on TA (timing advance), and the like.The SA signal can be transmitted on an identical resource unit in amanner of being multiplexed with D2D data. In this case, an SA resourcepool may correspond to a pool of resources that an SA and D2D data aretransmitted in a manner of being multiplexed. The SA signal can also bereferred to as a D2D control channel or a PSCCH (physical sidelinkcontrol channel). The D2D data channel (or, PSSCH (physical sidelinkshared channel)) corresponds to a resource pool used by a transmissionUE to transmit user data. If an SA and a D2D data are transmitted in amanner of being multiplexed in an identical resource unit, D2D datachannel except SA information can be transmitted only in a resource poolfor the D2D data channel. In other word, resource elements (REs), whichare used to transmit SA information in a specific resource unit of an SAresource pool, can also be used for transmitting D2D data in a D2D datachannel resource pool. The discovery channel may correspond to aresource pool for a message that enables a neighboring UE to discovertransmission UE transmitting information such as ID of the UE, and thelike.

Although contents of D2D signal are identical to each other, it may usea different resource pool according to a transmission/receptionattribute of the D2D signal. For example, in case of the same D2D datachannel or the same discovery message, the D2D data channel or thediscovery signal can be classified into a different resource poolaccording to a transmission timing determination scheme (e.g., whether aD2D signal is transmitted at the time of receiving a synchronizationreference signal or the timing to which a prescribed timing advance isadded) of a D2D signal, a resource allocation scheme (e.g., whether atransmission resource of an individual signal is designated by an eNB oran individual transmission UE selects an individual signal transmissionresource from a pool), a signal format (e.g., number of symbols occupiedby a D2D signal in a subframe, number of subframes used for transmittinga D2D signal), signal strength from an eNB, strength of transmit powerof a D2D UE, and the like. For clarity, a method for an eNB to directlydesignate a transmission resource of a D2D transmission UE is referredto as a mode 1. If a transmission resource region is configured inadvance or an eNB designates the transmission resource region and a UEdirectly selects a transmission resource from the transmission resourceregion, it is referred to as a mode 2. In case of performing D2Ddiscovery, if an eNB directly indicates a resource, it is referred to asa type 2. If a UE directly selects a transmission resource from apredetermined resource region or a resource region indicated by the eNB,it is referred to as a type 1.

Transmission and Reception of SA

A mode 1 UE can transmit an SA signal (or, a D2D control signal, SCI(sidelink control information)) via a resource configured by an eNB. Amode 2 UE receives a configured resource to be used for D2Dtransmission. The mode 2 UE can transmit SA by selecting a timefrequency resource from the configured resource.

The SA period can be defined as FIG. 9. Referring to FIG. 9, a first SAperiod can start at a subframe apart from a specific system frame asmuch as a prescribed offset (SAOffsetIndicator) indicated by higherlayer signaling. Each SA period can include an SA resource pool and asubframe pool for transmitting D2D data. The SA resource pool caninclude subframes ranging from a first subframe of an SA period to thelast subframe among subframes indicated by a subframe bitmap(saSubframeBitmap) to transmit SA. In case of mode 1, T-RPT(time-resource pattern for transmission) is applied to the resource poolfor transmitting D2D data to determine a subframe in which an actualdata is transmitted. As shown in the drawing, if the number of subframesincluded in an SA period except the SA resource pool is greater than thenumber of T-RPT bits, the T-RPT can be repeatedly applied and the lastlyapplied T-RPT can be applied in a manner of being truncated as many asthe number of remaining subframes. A transmission UE performstransmission at a position where a T-RPT bitmap corresponds to 1 in anindicated T-RPT and 4 transmissions are performed in a MAC PDU.

In the following, methods for a transmitter to dynamically indicate aposition of a resource transmitting a signal in device-to-device (D2D)communication, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, orvehicle-to-something communication are explained based on theaforementioned description. In case of performing such a service as V2Xand V2V, it may more strictly apply a delay constraint compared to acellular communication or D2D communication. And, it may be necessary tochange transmission-related parameters such as a transmission resource,resource allocation, MCS, and the like between SA periods. Hence, it maybe difficult to apply a data transmission scheme according to legacy SAtransmission and T-RPT as it is. For example, when SA and data aretransmitted according to the legacy scheme, if it fails to receive theSA, it may be difficult to receive a data packet thereafter. And,although a packet is generated in the middle of an SA period, since itis unable to immediately transmit a data packet, delay can be increasedas much as a corresponding period. In the following, in order to solvethe problem above, methods of more dynamically transmitting a D2Dcontrol signal (SA) and D2D data are explained. In the followingdescription, SA (scheduling assignment) or D2D control informationcorresponds to a common name of a signal that transmits various controlinformation necessary for transmitting D2D data information. The SA(scheduling assignment) or the D2D control information includes all or apart of a subframe pattern (e.g., T-RPT), frequency resource allocation,MCS transmit power, RV (redundancy version), RV cycling type(information indicating whether RV is fixed or modifiable), transmissioncount per MAC PDU, and NDI. Each SA transmission may transmit differentcontrol information. In the following, a scheme for distinguishing SAtransmission from D2D data transmission in a frequency axis is explainedfirst and a scheme for distinguishing SA transmission from D2D datatransmission in a time axis is explained later for clarity. It does notmean that one scheme completely excludes another scheme. In particular,when SA transmission is distinguished from D2D data transmission in afrequency axis, TDM can be performed on SA and D2D data.

Scheme of Distinguishing SA Transmission from D2D Data Transmission inFrequency Axis

It may distinctively transmit control information in frequency domainand data can be transmitted after (or prior to) the control informationin a manner of being concatenated with the control information. A UEtransmits D2D control information and can transmit D2D datacorresponding to the D2D control information. In this case, the D2Dcontrol information and the D2D data are transmitted in the samesubframe and the D2D control information and the D2D data can be alwaysadjacent to each other. If the D2D control information and the D2D dataare adjacent to each other, it means that the D2D control informationand the D2D data are consecutive in a frequency axis. Examples oftransmitting the D2D control information and the D2D data are shown inFIGS. 10 to 12. For details of FIGS. 10 to 12 are described later.

Subsequently, if SA and data are transmitted in the same subframe in amanner of being FDM, it may apply an offset to power of the SA and powerof the data. A power offset value applied to the SA and the data can bedifferently configured for a case of performing TDM on the SA and thedata and a case of performing FDM on the SA and the data, respectively.Or, when TDM is performed on the SA and the data, it may not apply aseparate offset (offset value 0).

In particular, it may apply a power offset value to each of the D2Dcontrol information and the D2D data. And, a different power offsetvalue can be applied to the D2D control information and the D2D data. Ifthe same power offset or the same PSD (power spectral density) isapplied to the D2D control information and the D2D data, such a problemthat coverage of the D2D control information becomes smaller thancoverage of the D2D data may occur. For example, referring to FIG. 13(b), it is able to see that SNR of PSCCH is lower than SNR of PSSCH inthe same BLER. Hence, the problem can be solved by applying a differentpower offset to the D2D control information and the D2D data.Specifically, if the D2D control information is transmitted using powerincreased as much as power offset, it may expand the coverage of the D2Dcontrol information. By doing so, a coverage mismatch problem betweenthe D2D control information and the D2D data can be solved.

Moreover, the power offset value may vary depending on a size of aresource allocated to the D2D control information and the D2D data. Forexample, if a size of a data resource is big, it may configure the poweroffset value to be big. In particular, if the size of the data resourceincreases, it may be able to obtain an effect of widening the coverageof the data due to the increased coding gain. In this case, it mayassign higher transmit power to a control signal. However, if the sizeof the data resource exceeds a specific threshold, it is unable tosatisfy a minimum PSD level required by a reception UE. Hence, if thesize of the data resource is simply configured in proportion to thepower offset value, a problem may occur. Hence, it is unable toconfigure a relation between the size of the data resource and the sizeof the transmit power offset with a proportional relation or an inverseproportional relation. Hence, it is necessary to determine the offsetsize to have a higher SNR in a BLER level requiring BLER performance ofa control signal by anticipating link performance according to the dataresource size and comparing BLER performance of the data with BLERperformance of the power offset. Referring to FIG. 13, it is able tocheck that BLER is different according to a message size (and/orretransmission number). (FIG. 13 is a graph illustrating BLERperformance for 190-byte SA (10 RBs), 300-byte SA (10 RBs), and 40-bitSA (1RB). HARQ combining assumes combining of 2 transmissions and singletransmission corresponds to BLER for single transmission). Hence, when amessage of a size of 190 bytes is transmitted and a message of a size of300 bytes is transmitted, a power offset value for SA and a power offsetvalue for data can be differently configured.

The power offset can be indicated by a network or can be determined by aUE. In general, a signal can be smoothly transmitted and received whenan error rate of a control channel is lower than an error rate of a datachannel. The error rates of the control channel and the data channel canbe determined based on an RB size of the data channel, a message size,MCS, moving speed of a UE, a retransmission number, target QoS, and thelike.

Meanwhile, although the power offset is indicated in a form of an offsetbetween a data signal and a control signal, the power offset can also besignaled in a form of a ratio of power to be assigned to the controlsignal (or the data signal). For example, the power offset can besignaled in a manner that X % of the total transmit power is assigned tothe control signal.

Meanwhile, if a size of the power offset is determined according to asize of a data resource, it may indicate that power is allocatedaccording to an RB or power is allocated to a channel of a controlsignal and a channel of a data signal. The former case is applied whenpower allocation means a power size allocated according to an RB. Thelatter case is applied when power allocation means a power sizeallocated according to a signal type.

If power amount allocated to a data signal corresponds to the remainingpower amount from which power amount applied to a control signal isexcluded, naturally, a size of a power offset may change according to asize of a data resource. For example, assume that there is power as muchas 100. In this case, assume that power as much as 30 is allocated to acontrol signal and power as much as 70 is allocated to a data signal. Ifa size of the data signal corresponds to 1 RB, the power as much as 70is applied to the 1 BR of the data signal. If the size of the datasignal corresponds to 7 RBs, power as much as 10 is applied to each ofthe 7 RBs. An embodiment of naturally changing a size of an offsetaccording to a size of a data resource has been explained in terms of apower offset (or a control signal and a data signal) according to an RB.

When a network assigns a data channel to a UE, the network can signal apower offset value interlocked with a resource allocation size (RB size)to the UE. The power offset value can be transmitted in a manner ofbeing included in D2D control information. In particular, a power offsetvalue of SA and a power offset value of data can be transmitted in amanner of being included in the SA to make a reception UE refer to thepower offset values in decoding a measured data.

Or, the UE may determine a power offset value. In this case, the UE candetermine the power offset value according to moving speed of the UE.Or, when the UE autonomously configures a transmission resource, the UEcan autonomously determine a power offset value of SA and a power offsetvalue of data. Although the power offset values of the control signaland the data signal can be transmitted in a manner of being explicitlyincluded in the control signal, a value of transmit power applied to thecontrol signal or the data signal can be transmitted in a manner ofbeing directly included in the control signal. Specifically, transmitpower of the control signal and transmit power of the data signal,transmit power of the control signal and a power offset between thecontrol signal and the data signal, or transmit power of the data signaland an offset value between the data signal and the control signal canbe transmitted in a manner of being included in the control signal. Forexample, if power of A dBm is applied to the control signal and power ofB dBm is applied to the data signal, values of the power can betransmitted in a manner of being explicitly included in the controlsignal. By doing so, a reception UE is able to know sizes of the powerapplied to the control signal and the data signal and a size of anoffset (power difference between the data signal and the controlsignal). Hence, the reception UE can utilize the values for measuringstrength of a signal and a pathloss. For example, if a UE measures an RSof a control signal and knows a size of transmit power of the controlsignal, the UE is able to calculate a pathloss of the arrived controlsignal. And, the UE is able to calculate a pathloss of a data signal aswell. Since the UE knows a difference between transmit power of thecontrol signal and transmit power of the data signal and a size of thedifference, the UE can measure either the pathloss of the control signalor the pathloss of the data signal only. If the pathloss of the controlsignal and the pathloss of the data signal are measured and all of thepathloss are utilized, it may be able to measure a more precisepathloss.

Meanwhile, whether or not FDM is performed on SA and data can bedifferently configured according to speed of a UE, target coverage ofthe SA and the data, retransmission numbers of the SA and the data,BLER, MCS, a message size/type, an RB size, and the like. For example,in order for a UE to support relative speed 500 km/h, it is necessary toexpand target coverage to about 600 m. In case of transmitting SA of 1RB with 23 dBm to achieve the coverage, it may have reception SNR asmuch as 10 dB. In this case, if data of 9 RBs and SA are transmittedusing the FDM scheme and PSD of the data and PSD of the SA areconfigured to be the same, SNR of the SA becomes 0 dB. In particular,referring to a BLER curve of single transmission shown in FIG. 13, it isable to see that about 30% of errors occur. Hence, in this case, it maybe preferable to transmit the SA by performing TDM on the SA to securecoverage. When the SA is transmitted, in order to prevent from failingto receive data, retransmission of the SA can be supported. A networkcan determine whether to perform TDM on the SA and the data according toa resource pool. Or, a UE can determine whether to perform TDM/FDM onthe SA and the data according to moving speed of the UE, a message size,and a message type. Or, the network can signal an SA/data transmissiontechnique, a power offset, and the like capable of being used accordingto a situation of a UE to the UE according to a situation. For example,when TDM is performed on the SA and the data, all or a part of a powervalue according to a channel, a power offset value between channels, anda ratio of a power value assigned to a control signal among the totalpower can be signaled to the UE or can be determined in advance.

When D2D control information and D2D data adjacent to each other aretransmitted on a frequency axis, the D2D control information can betransmitted via one of candidate resources configured in advance on thefrequency axis. In particular, as shown in FIG. 10, when SA and dataadjacent to each other are transmitted, the SA can be transmitted usingan SA candidate resource on the frequency axis. In this case, a positionof the candidate resource can be configured in advance or can beconfigured by a network. Or, as mentioned in the following, frequencydomain resource allocation information can be indicated using a DMRS. Ifa position of a candidate resource is determined in advance, controlinformation can include size information of an RA only, thereby reducingsignaling overhead.

In this case, an RB size capable of maximally transmitting data maychange according to a position at which the SA is transmitted. Inparticular, a maximum value of a D2D data size can be determinedaccording to a position of a candidate resource. (It can also becomprehended as a BW on which data is transmitted is implicitlyindicated according to a position of SA in a subframe in which the SA istransmitted.) Referring to FIG. 11, if SA uses a candidate resource1101, data can be transmitted in a wide band. Yet, if SA uses acandidate resource 1102, data can be transmitted in a narrow band only.Specifically, if SA is transmitted in a 40^(th) RB in a system of 50RBs, data can be transmitted with maximum 10 RBs only. A scheme ofmapping SA to a lower RB index of a transmission band is to set a limiton a size capable of transmitting data. Hence, in order to performwideband transmission, SA can be deployed at the last RB of atransmission band. In this case, a UE receiving data firstly performsblind decoding on the SA. The UE indicates whether the data is deployedat the top of the SA or the bottom of the SA (whether the data islocated at an RB index higher than a position of the SA or an RB indexlower than the position of the SA) by configuring SA contents or a DMRSsequence/OCC/CS. For example, the D2D control information can includeinformation indicating either the D2D control information or the D2Ddata that uses a high frequency band. If the data is deployed at thebottom of the SA, DMRS CS 0 is used. If the data is deployed at the topof the SA, DMRS CS 6 is used. And, a position of an SA capable of beingtransmitted using a narrow band and a position of an SA capable of beingtransmitted using a wide band can be differently configured in advance.

Meanwhile, the SA can be deployed in a form of surrounding the data infrequency domain. In particular, the D2D control information istransmitted via 2 separated resource regions and the D2D data can beconcatenated with the 2 separated resource regions in a highestfrequency band and a lowest frequency band, respectively. FIG. 12 showsthe example. According to the scheme above, since it is able to protectdata from a signal of a different UE, it may have relatively lessinterference in in-band emission. Meanwhile, in the aspect that in-bandemission is less generated, the data can be deployed in a form ofsurrounding the SA. In particular, control information is transmittedvia a single resource region and data is transmitted in a form ofsurrounding a control signal. According to the scheme mentioned above,it may be able to obtain an additional effect of protecting a controlsignal form a different UE.

And, the D2D control information included in the 2 separate resourceregions can be configured by the same codeword. When the SA is deployedat the frequency domain, if the completely same codeword is deployed tobe repeated in the frequency domain, it may be able to relatively reducethe increase of PARR. In this case, although it is able to transmit theSA in all subframes, as mentioned earlier in the proposed method, it maynot transmit the SA in a partial subframe. In this case, rate matchingor puncturing can be performed on a region where the SA is used to betransmitted. As mentioned in the following, a position of data where theSA is not transmitted together can be indicated via a DMRS or apreviously transmitted SA. As mentioned in the foregoing description, acandidate resource can also be used for the method described in FIG. 12.

Meanwhile, D2D control information and D2D data can be transmitted usingsingle DFT spreading. In this case, a method of indicating RAinformation using a DMRS sequence described in the following can be usedat the same time. When a UE is equipped with multiple transmissionantennas, although a separate DFT spreading is applied, if the controlinformation and the data are transmitted via a different antenna, sincemulti cluster transmission is not necessary, PARR is not additionallyincreased. In this case, since the control information is moreimportant, it may be able to determine a rule that the controlinformation is transmitted from a first antenna port. This is because,when a UE is implemented, it is highly probable to install an amplifierof better performance in the first antenna port. The present inventionis not restricted to a specific antenna port only. When a DMRS sequenceis generated and an amplifier of better performance is used to transmitand receive an important signal, a port number is fixed in advance toenable a reception UE to perform decoding by assuming a specific antennaport.

When SA is transmitted in a manner of being adjacent to data, controlinformation indicates not only control information on data of acorresponding subframe but also control information on the N number ofsubframes appearing after the subframe. For example, T-RPT informationcan be included in the control information. The control information mayindicate positions at which the N numbers of subframes are transmitted.(In this case, the T-RPT corresponds to a scheme of indicating aposition of a time resource in which a data signal is transmitted. It isnot mandatory that the T-RPT is signaled in a form of a bitmap. Aposition of a time resource in which a data resource is transmitted canbe represented to a position of a time resource in which SA istransmitted in a form of an offset. In this case, all data signals canbe represented in the time resource in which the SA is transmitted in aform of an offset. In this case, each of the data signals can besequentially represented in an offset form for a previous data (in caseof a first data, an offset from a time resource in which the SA istransmitted)). In this case, since a reception UE is able to anticipatetiming at which data is to be transmitted in a following subframe, adecoding success rate can be increased. On the other hand, since adifferent UE is able to anticipate a position at which data is to betransmitted in a following subframe, it may be able to avoid acorresponding resource.

In the scheme mentioned above, although it is able to always transmitdata and SA in the same subframe, the SA can be transmitted in a partialsubframe only. In this case, the data can perform rate matching orpuncturing on a region at which the SA is transmitted. In particular,MCS can be determined by assuming a case that there is no SA. Or, it maybe able to determine MCS of data by assuming a case that there is SA. IfSA is not transmitted, it may be able to fill an RE in which the SA istransmitted by performing rate matching or additionally transmittingcodeword bits. Or, a corresponding RB is emptied out to use the RB as aguard. Specifically, when control information and data occupy x, x+1,x+k RB, SA can be assigned to x, . . . , x+a and data can be assigned tox+a+1, . . . , x+k. In this case, in case of transmitting the data only,the data can be assigned to all of x, . . . , x+k RB or x+a+1, . . . ,x+k only. The former case corresponds to a case of performing ratematching or puncturing by assuming that the data is assigned to x, . . ., x+k. The latter case corresponds to a case that the data is assignedto x+a+1, . . . , x+k.

A pool in which SA is transmitted can be distinguished from a pool inwhich data is transmitted on a frequency axis. Control informationindicated by the SA can indicate control information on data of asubframe in which the SA is transmitted or control information on the Nnumber of subframes including the data of the subframe in which the SAis transmitted. (In this case, the N may correspond to a predeterminedvalue or a value signaled by a network.)

FIG. 14 illustrates various examples of the abovementioned scheme.Specifically, FIG. 14 (a) illustrates a case that a pool of SA and apool of data are distinguished from each other on a frequency axis andthe SA and the data related to the SA are transmitted in the samesubframe. FIG. 14 (b) illustrates a case that the SA indicates not onlya data of the subframe in which the SA is transmitted but also a dataposition of a following subframe. In this case, if information such asT-RPT is transmitted together, since a different UE is able to identifyT-RPT of a corresponding UE, the different UE is able to select aresource by avoiding a corresponding resource at the time of selecting aresource from following time/frequency resources. FIG. 14 (c)illustrates a case that SA is transmitted in every new MAC PDU or everypredetermined subframe interval instead of a case of transmitting SA inevery data transmission.

FIG. 15 shows a different example. A difference between FIG. 14c andFIG. 15 is in that SA is transmitted to a partial time region onlyrather than the entire time region. As shown in FIG. 15, when RSSI ismeasured in a state that an SA resource pool is separated from a datapool, either RSSI of the data pool or RSSI of the SA pool can bemeasured only. According to the scheme of FIG. 15, since controlinformation is not transmitted in every subframe, it is able to increaseefficiency of data transmission. And, according to the scheme of FIG.15, it may perform rate matching or puncturing on a data region in asubframe in which control information is transmitted in consideration ofan RE transmitting the control information. A reception UE may attemptto decode the SA pool only. Hence, it is able to reduce batteryconsumption of the reception UE compared to a scheme of attempting todecode in every subframe.

As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, if control information of various datatransmissions is transmitted in one SA, the SA can transmit the controlinformation of various data transmissions. If the data transmissionsrelate to TBs (transport blocks) different from each other, it may havea different RB size, a different MCS, and the like. In this case, sincethe amount of control information indicated by the SA is large, contentsof the SA become large. As a result, efficiency of a resource can bedegraded. In order to solve the problem, when the control information ofvarious data transmissions is transmitted, it may be able to configuredata to be transmitted from a single TB. In particular, sinceretransmission is performed on the same TB, it is not necessary totransmit any additional RB size, MCS, and the like. By doing so, it isable to more efficiently transmit the SA.

And, it may be able to set a limit on the maximum number of datascheduled by the SA. The limit can be determined in advance or can beconfigured by a network. For example, it may be able to determine a rulethat one SA schedules data transmission maximum two times. In this case,it is necessary for the SA to indicate positions of time-frequencyresources for the two data transmissions. In this case, if it is assumedthat a size of a frequency resource, MCS, and the like are related tothe same TB, the two transmissions can be sufficiently indicated by oneindication. A position of a time resource can be represented in anoffset form or a T-RPT form at a position at which the SA istransmitted. If the position of the time resource is represented in theoffset form, offset 1 and offset 2 can be transmitted in a manner ofbeing included in the SA. (If there are N number of data, N number ofoffsets can be included in the SA.) Or, the position of the timeresource can be represented by an offset of data 1 or an offset betweendata 1 and data 2 in the SA. When the SA is transmitted several times,one SA may schedule the same number of data all the time and anotherspecific SA may schedule a different number of data. For example, asshown in FIG. 16 (a), one SA may schedule 2 data all the time. Or, likethe last SA transmission shown in FIG. 16 (b), specific SA may scheduleone data only. In this case, it may indicate that scheduling is notperformed using a specific state among offsets included in the SA. Forexample, if an offset is represented using two bits and two offsets areincluded in the SA, a specific bit state (00 or 11) of the second offsetcan be configured by a field indicating that there is no data. As adifferent method, a field indicating the number of scheduled data can beexplicitly included in the SA. In this case, an offset can be fixed by aspecific value in advance according to a corresponding fieldconfiguration or it may be able to determine a rule that a reception UEdoes not use the offset (the reception UE does not decode data at aposition of the offset).

When a plurality of SAs schedule a specific data, if informationindicated by a following SA is different from information indicated by apreceding SA, it is necessary to define an operation of a reception UE.For example, if the SAs indicate a different RA, MCS, and the like, itmay be able to determine a rule that decoding is performed on the basisof the following (or, preceding) SA. Or, if the preceding SA and thefollowing SA transmit different information at the same data position,it can be regarded as an error case. In particular, it may not performdata decoding or it may perform a different operation. Meanwhile, whenSA is transmitted several times, an offset between first SA and firstdata can be configured to be identical to a space between second SA andsecond data. FIG. 16 (c) shows the embodiment mentioned above. An offset1 for SA 1 and an offset 1 for SA 2 can be configured by the same value.In this case, a value of the offset 1 may not be signaled by the SA. Thevalue can be determined in advance in a pool or can be signaled by anetwork. In this case, the SA signals a value of the offset 2 only. Bydoing so, it may be able to more efficiently configure fields of the SA.

The aforementioned methods can be classified into a case of transmittingSA and data in the same subframe and a case of transmitting the SA andthe data in a different subframe. When the SA and the data aretransmitted in the same subframe, a field indicating whether or not dataassociated with the SA is transmitted in the same subframe, the fieldindicating whether or not the data is transmitted in a next SA period,and the field indicating a subframe in which the data is transmittedafter SA is transmitted can be transmitted in a manner of being includedin the SA. The SA can indicate a transmission start point of the data.In this case, the transmission start point may indicate a position atwhich the data is transmitted or the timing at which a T-RPT bitmapstarts.

When SA and data are transmitted in the same subframe, FIG. 17illustrates a method of using an offset among methods of indicating afrequency domain resource position of the data. Specifically, a timeoffset can be determined in advance between SA and a data resourceregion or can be indicated by a network via physical layer signaling orhigher layer signaling. In particular, if an offset is indicated betweenresource regions, as shown in FIG. 17 (b), while a position of a datatransmitted in a different subframe is indicated, a frequency resourceregion of the data is indicated by a frequency resource region positionof the SA. Meanwhile, although the offset between the SA resource andthe data resource may correspond to a common value to a UE, the offsetcan be assigned to a specific UE only according to a priority of a UE ora message size. For example, when wideband data transmission isperformed to transmit such a message as an event triggered message, ifSA and data are transmitted in the same subframe, since coverage of theSA is not sufficient, a problem may occur in receiving the data. Hence,it may provide an offset between the SA and the data to separatelytransmit the SA and the data in a time domain. If a time domain offsetis provided to a specific UE only, a field indicating whether or not thetime domain offset is provided (between SA and data transmission) and/ora field indicating a size of the time domain offset can be transmittedin a manner of being included in the SA. Or, the information can beindicated to a reception UE by differently configuring a DMRS of the SA.According to the proposed method, since a resource position of data isindicated using a time/frequency resource position of the SA, it may beable to reduce the number of resource allocation information bits ofdata.

Meanwhile, if an offset between SA and data is determined in advance oris determined by a network, an offset between first SA and data may havesuch an offset form fixed between second SA and data. In particular, afirst offset value of the second SA can be configured to be the samewith an offset value of the first SA all the time. When a data resourceis preferentially selected and then an SA resource is selected, if aplurality of data resources are selected, positions of a plurality of SAresources can be determined to be identical to an offset between thefirst SA resource and a data resource. By doing so, when a position of adata resource is selected and then a position of an SA resource isselected, a UE can simply implement a position of an SA resource, whichis transmitted several times. If a position of an SA resource isconfigured by the same offset, as an extreme case, it may not separatelysignal an offset value between SA and data.

Meanwhile, if SA and data are transmitted in the same subframe, it mayuse following methods to perform retransmission.

As a first method, when SA is transmitted by selecting a specific SAresource within an SA period according to a predetermined hoppingpattern and data is transmitted in a subframe in which the SA istransmitted, if a resource position (logical index) of the data, MCS,and the like are identically configured at the time of retransmission,the SA can obtain a HARQ combining gain. Since the data is retransmittedat a position identical to a frequency position indicated by a first SA,the data can also obtain a HARQ combining gain. Currently, the SA allowstwo transmissions within an SA period. If retransmission of the SA isincreased to 3 or 4 times, a hopping pattern for the retransmission canbe determined in advance and the data can be transmitted in the subframein which the SA is transmitted.

As a second method, a subframe index at which a next retransmission isto be performed or an offset can be transmitted in a manner of beingincluded in every SA. In this case, not only a subframe in which a nextretransmission is performed but also subframes in which N number ofretransmissions are performed can be transmitted in a manner of beingincluded in SA. According to the second method, since contents of SAvary according to each SA transmission, HARQ combining of SA is notmandatory. Yet, since data is retransmitted, HARQ combining of data ispermitted.

Meanwhile, information such as frequency domain RA (resourceallocation), MCS, NDI, and the like can be indicated using an RSsequence of a DMRS, or the like. Specifically, in order to indicatefrequency domain RA information, it may differently configure a DMRSsequence according to RA. To this end, a candidate of a start point canbe determined in advance according to an RA size and a different DMRSsequence can be configured according to the RA size. A reception UEperforms blind decoding on the candidate and the DMRS sequence toidentify RA. This method is not restricted to the RA. In particular, itmay be able to differently configure an RS sequence according to MCS orNDI. The number of RS blind detection counts is restricted according toan RA size and a reception UE can perform blind detection on a DMRS froma predetermined start point according to an RA size. After the blinddetection is performed according to RA, the reception UE performs datadecoding on a DMRS sequence having the highest correlation value.

FIG. 18 illustrates a blind decoding candidate position for an RA startpoint in frequency domain. A start point of a predetermined position canbe determined in advance according to an RB size or can be configured bya network. In this case, control information except RA can betransmitted in a subframe in which data is transmitted using a UCIpiggyback scheme or a scheme of transmitting the control information byincluding the control information in a higher layer signal. In thiscase, RA information can also be included in the control information tocheck whether or not RA is correctly detected. Or, the RA informationmay not be included in the control information. This is because, if itfails to detect RA, since it also fails to decode data, CRC checking isfailed. If RA is included in the control information, it may implicitlyindicate that a CRC length is extended.

Scheme of Distinguishing SA Transmission from D2D Data Transmission inTime Axis

It may be able to transmit all or a part of control information onfollowing subframes (including a subframe in which D2D controlinformation is transmitted) in every N^(th) D2D subframe within a D2Dresource pool period. For example, referring to FIG. 19 (a), it may beable to transmit a packet including information indicating T-RPT inevery N^(th) subframe. In this case, the N can be configured in advanceor can be configured by a network. Referring to FIG. 19 (a), T-RPTindicates positions at which N−1 number of subframes are transmitted. Asa different form, T-RPT may indicate positions at which N number ofsubframes are transmitted and a position of the last 1 of the T-RPT maybe able to determine in advance that next control information (T-RPT) istransmitted.

As shown in FIG. 19 (b), T-RPT can be transmitted in a plurality ofsubframes in every N^(th) subframe to solve a half-duplex problem orobtain energy gain. In particular, it may be able to configure D2Dcontrol information to be transmitted in the first N1 number of is inthe T-RPT. In this case, the N1 may correspond to a value determined inadvance or the value configured by a network. A plurality of thesubframes can be continuously transmitted in time domain or can betransmitted in subframes apart from each other in timely manner. In thiscase, a packet, which is transmitted to transmit D2D controlinformation, may have a separate format (e.g., a format for separatelytransmitting D2D control information, e.g., PSCCH or PSCCH of a newform). Or, similar to UCI piggyback scheme, T-RPT information can betransmitted in a manner of being included in a partial RE. In this case,as shown in FIG. 20 (a), the UCI piggyback scheme corresponds to amethod of using a part of REs near a DMRS to transmit HARQ ACK or an RI.Or, as shown in FIG. 20 (b), the UCI piggyback scheme corresponds to amethod of using a part of REs from a lower subcarrier of a lowest RBusing time first mapping to transmit a control signal. In D2D, it may beable to indicate all or a part of D2D data control information using oneof two schemes (a method of using REs in a lowest RB similar to CQIpiggyback scheme and a method of using REs near a DRS similar toPMI/RI/ACK).

In a subframe in which T-RPT is transmitted, not only the T-RPT but alsoinformation indicating MCS of a packet to be transmitted in a followingsubframe, a redundancy version (RV), transmit power, transmission numberper MAC PDU, RV cycling type (information indicating whether RV istransmitted in a manner of being fixed or in a manner of varying), andthe like can be transmitted. Information indicating the T-RPT mayindicate a transmission position in a following N−1 subframe in a bitmapform.

When all UEs transmit SA in the same subframe, if a UE transmits controlinformation to the same subframe, since the UE is unable to listen to acontrol signal of a different UE due to a half-duplex constraint, the UEfails to receive a data. Hence, in FIG. 19 (a), it is preferable toapply a hopping scheme to control information which is transmitted to N1number of subframes to solve the half-duplex constraint that changes asubframe position according to a period of N number of subframes. Or, asshown in FIG. 21 (a), it may consider a method of differently applyingan offset of a subframe in which control information is transmittedaccording to a UE. In this case, an offset of a subframe in whichcontrol information is transmitted can be differently configured inevery N subframes. For example, it may be able to configure a differentoffset according to a UE due to a Tx UE ID, an Rx UE ID, a UE group ID,or a parameter configured by a network. The offset may vary with aperiod of N number of subframes (a predetermined period or a period oftransmitting a message by a UE). As shown in FIG. 21 (b), if a differentoffset hopping pattern is applied to each UE, it may be able to preventSA from being transmitted in the same subframe.

Meanwhile, a subframe period for transmitting control information can beconfigured in a unit of a MAC PDU. In other word, D2D controlinformation can be newly transmitted whenever a new MAC PDU istransmitted. The D2D control information can indicate a subframeposition (T-RPT) at which D2D data is transmitted in a followingsubframe, MCS, and the like.

Meanwhile, partial control information is transmitted via SA. In case ofchanging a transmission parameter within an SA period, it may transmitcontrol information in the middle of transmitting data. Specifically,when an SA resource pool is defined and basic control information istransmitted in a corresponding region, if a packet transmissionparameter is changed, the control information can be transmittedtogether with a packet. Or, the control information can be transmittedto a previous subframe of a subframe in which the packet is transmitted.For example, it may change RV, transmit power, and MCS. The controlinformation can be transmitted in a manner of being included in theaforementioned UCI piggyback scheme or an MAC header region. A positionof a transmitted resource can be changed within an SA period. In thiscase, it may be able to transmit T-RPT for T number of upcomingsubframes. The T-RPT can be transmitted in a manner of being included ina UCI piggyback scheme, a MAC header, or a MAC control signal.

Meanwhile, D2D control information can indicate contents for X number ofupcoming subframes (sliding window scheme). According to the presentscheme, D2D control information and data can be transmitted together inevery subframe. In this case, although a reception UE starts to receivea certain subframe, since X number of control information is transmittedtogether, the reception UE is able to perform decoding. Although atransmission UE changes a transmission parameter, the reception UE canimmediately apply the transmission parameter.

Specifically, the control information can be transmitted together with adata region by applying separate channel coding to the controlinformation or can be transmitted together with data via higher layersignaling. For example, the control information can be transmitted to aMAC header or a MAC control region. Or, the control information can betransmitted using such separate channel coding or a separate channelstructure as PUSCH and PUCCH to a separate RB or group of REs. In thiscase, similar to multi cluster transmission, it may assume that thecontrol information and the data apply separate DFT spreading. FIG. 22shows an example of the sliding window scheme. Referring to FIG. 22, itis able to see that T-RPT varies in every N number of subframes. In thiscase, it may be able to differently configure MCS, RV, and the like. Thecontrol information includes not only control information on X number ofupcoming subframes but also control information on data of a subframe inwhich the control information is transmitted. In particular, the controlinformation can indicate the X number of upcoming subframes includingthe data of the subframe in which the control information istransmitted.

FIG. 23 illustrates a method of performing TDM on a resource pool of SAand a resource pool of data in a subframe. In this case, a frequencydomain start point of the SA may indicate a frequency domain start pointof the data or a start point of the data can be implicitly indicated bya position of the SA. According to the present method, when UEsdifferent from each other select a different data position in the samesubframe, it may be able to prevent a collision between SAs. Or, SA canbe transmitted at a predetermined position among frequency positions atwhich data is transmitted. For example, the SA can be transmitted atpositions except a number of RBs located at both ends among thepositions at which the data is transmitted. This is intended to reduceinterference due to in-band emission between SAs. The present method canalso be applied to a case that SA and data are transmitted in the samesubframe in a manner of being FDM.

Or, SA may indicate the entire RA information of data. According to thepresent scheme, a frequency domain in which the SA and the data aretransmitted may not be overlapped. It may be able to transmit not onlycontrol information on a subframe in which the SA is transmitted butalso control information on the data for a following subframe in the SA.In this case, it may be able to transmit the data only in the followingsubframe without the SA and D2D control information on X number ofsubframes can be indicated in every subframe. FIG. 23 (b) illustrates anexample for the abovementioned case. FIG. 23 (c) illustrates a case thatdata is transmitted to an SA transmission region in a subframe in whichD2D control information is not transmitted. In this case, a transmissionUE can perform encoding under the assumption that SA is not transmitted.In a subframe in which SA is transmitted, rate matching or puncturingcan be performed on an RE of a symbol in which the SA is transmitted.Yet, in a subframe in which the SA is not transmitted, rate matching orpuncturing can be always performed on a region in which the SA istransmitted to protect SA transmission of a different UE.

A position at which SA is transmitted may correspond to a symbol(s) neara DMRS rather than a first symbol of a subframe. In order to enhancedecoding performance of SA, it may transmit an additional RS. A positionof the additional RS can be transmitted to a different symbol other thana legacy DMRS and the position can be determined in advance. If SA anddata are transmitted in the same subframe, transmit power can beidentically maintained. In this case, an RB size of the SA maycorrespond to a predetermined size. If the RB size of the SA isdifferent from an RB size of the data in frequency domain, PSD (powerspectral density) of the SA may differ from PSD of the data.

Other Method

As a different example of a scheme of transmitting D2D controlinformation, control information and data can be separately transmittedin time domain. FIG. 24 (a) shows an embodiment for the scheme.According to the scheme shown in FIG. 24, data is distinguished fromcontrol information in time domain. The data is decoded after thecontrol information is decoded. And, similar to multi clustertransmission, the scheme has an advantage in that PARR does notincrease. Since the control information is more important for performingdecoding, the control information can be transmitted at a predeterminedsymbol near a DMRS. However, since a region at which the controlinformation is transmitted varies according to an RA size, it may have ademerit in that data efficiency is degraded. In order to supplement thedemerit, it may fix a size of frequency domain in which the controlinformation is transmitted and data can be transmitted in a manner ofbeing mapped to the remaining REs. FIG. 24 (b) shows an example of theabovementioned scheme. If TDM is performed on the SA and the data in asubframe, the SA and the data may have different transmit power. In thiscase, a power transient period can be assigned to a data region.

Examples for the aforementioned proposed methods can also be included asone of implementation methods of the present invention. Hence, it isapparent that the examples are regarded as a sort of proposed schemes.The aforementioned proposed schemes can be independently implemented orcan be implemented in a combined (aggregated) form of a part of theproposed schemes. It may be able to configure an eNB to inform a UE ofinformation on whether to apply the proposed methods (information onrules of the proposed methods) via a predefined signal (e.g., physicallayer signal or upper layer signal).

Configurations of Devices for Embodiments of the Present Invention

FIG. 25 is a diagram for configurations of a transmitter and a receiver.

Referring to FIG. 25, a transmit point apparatus 10 may include areceive module 11, a transmit module 12, a processor 13, a memory 14,and a plurality of antennas 15. The antennas 15 represent the transmitpoint apparatus that supports MIMO transmission and reception. Thereceive module 11 may receive various signals, data and information froma UE on an uplink. The transmit module 12 may transmit various signals,data and information to a UE on a downlink. The processor 13 may controloverall operation of the transmit point apparatus 10.

The processor 13 of the transmit point apparatus 10 according to oneembodiment of the present invention may perform processes necessary forthe embodiments described above.

Additionally, the processor 13 of the transmit point apparatus 10 mayfunction to operationally process information received by the transmitpoint apparatus 10 or information to be transmitted from the transmitpoint apparatus 10, and the memory 14, which may be replaced with anelement such as a buffer (not shown), may store the processedinformation for a predetermined time.

Referring to FIG. 25, a UE 20 may include a receive module 21, atransmit module 22, a processor 23, a memory 24, and a plurality ofantennas 25. The antennas 25 represent the UE that supports MIMOtransmission and reception. The receive module 21 may receive varioussignals, data and information from an eNB on a downlink. The transmitmodule 22 may transmit various signals, data and information to an eNBon an uplink. The processor 23 may control overall operation of the UE20.

The processor 23 of the UE 20 according to one embodiment of the presentinvention may perform processes necessary for the embodiments describedabove.

Additionally, the processor 23 of the UE 20 may function tooperationally process information received by the UE 20 or informationto be transmitted from the UE 20, and the memory 24, which may bereplaced with an element such as a buffer (not shown), may store theprocessed information for a predetermined time.

The configurations of the transmit point apparatus and the UE asdescribed above may be implemented such that the above-describedembodiments can be independently applied or two or more thereof can besimultaneously applied, and description of redundant parts is omittedfor clarity.

Description of the transmit point apparatus 10 in FIG. 25 may be equallyapplied to a relay as a downlink transmitter or an uplink receiver, anddescription of the UE 20 may be equally applied to a relay as a downlinkreceiver or an uplink transmitter.

The embodiments of the present invention may be implemented throughvarious means, for example, hardware, firmware, software, or acombination thereof.

When implemented as hardware, a method according to embodiments of thepresent invention may be embodied as one or more application specificintegrated circuits (ASICs), one or more digital signal processors(DSPs), one or more digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), one ormore programmable logic devices (PLDs), one or more field programmablegate arrays (FPGAs), a processor, a controller, a microcontroller, amicroprocessor, etc.

When implemented as firmware or software, a method according toembodiments of the present invention may be embodied as a module, aprocedure, or a function that performs the functions or operationsdescribed above. Software code may be stored in a memory unit andexecuted by a processor. The memory unit is located at the interior orexterior of the processor and may transmit and receive data to and fromthe processor via various known means.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described indetail above to allow those skilled in the art to implement and practicethe present invention. Although the preferred embodiments of the presentinvention have been described above, those skilled in the art willappreciate that various modifications and variations can be made in thepresent invention without departing from the spirit or scope of theinvention. For example, those skilled in the art may use a combinationof elements set forth in the above-described embodiments. Thus, thepresent invention is not intended to be limited to the embodimentsdescribed herein, but is intended to accord with the widest scopecorresponding to the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

The present invention may be carried out in other specific ways thanthose set forth herein without departing from the spirit and essentialcharacteristics of the present invention. Therefore, the aboveembodiments should be construed in all aspects as illustrative and notrestrictive. The scope of the invention should be determined by theappended claims and their legal equivalents, and all changes comingwithin the meaning and equivalency range of the appended claims areintended to be embraced therein. The present invention is not intendedto be limited to the embodiments described herein, but is intended toaccord with the widest scope consistent with the principles and novelfeatures disclosed herein. In addition, claims that are not explicitlycited in each other in the appended claims may be presented incombination as an embodiment of the present invention or included as anew claim by subsequent amendment after the application is filed.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

The embodiments of the present invention can be applied to variousmobile communication systems.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method of transmitting a D2D (device-to-device)signal, which is transmitted by a user equipment in a wirelesscommunication system, comprising the steps of: transmitting D2D controlinformation; and transmitting D2D data corresponding to the D2D controlinformation, wherein the D2D control information and the D2D data aretransmitted in the same subframe and wherein the D2D control informationand the D2D data are always adjacent to each other in a frequency axis.2. The method of claim 1, wherein a different power offset value isapplied to the D2D control information and the D2D data.
 3. The methodof claim 2, wherein the power offset value is changed according to asize of a resource allocated to the D2D control information and the D2Ddata.
 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the D2D control information istransmitted with power increased as much as a power offset.
 5. Themethod of claim 2, wherein the different power offset value istransmitted in a manner of being contained in the D2D controlinformation.
 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the D2D controlinformation is transmitted via one of candidate resources preconfiguredin the frequency axis.
 7. The method of claim 6, wherein positions ofthe candidate resources determine a maximum value of a size of the D2Ddata.
 8. The method of claim 6, wherein the D2D control information andthe D2D data are consecutive in the frequency axis.
 9. The method ofclaim 8, wherein the D2D control information comprise informationindicating one of the D2D control information and the D2D data using ahigher frequency band.
 10. The method of claim 1, wherein one of the D2Dcontrol information and the D2D data using a higher frequency band isidentified according to a DMRS (demodulation-reference signal) shiftvalue.
 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the D2D control information istransmitted via two separated resource regions and wherein the D2D datais concatenated with the two separated resource regions in a highestfrequency band and a lowest frequency band, respectively.
 12. The methodof claim 11, wherein D2D control information contained in the twoseparated resource regions consist of the same codeword.
 13. A userequipment transmitting a D2D (device-to-device) signal in a wirelesscommunication system, comprising: a transmitter and a receiver; and aprocessor, the processor configured to transmit D2D control information,the processor configured to transmit D2D data corresponding to the D2Dcontrol information, wherein the D2D control information and the D2Ddata are transmitted in the same subframe and wherein the D2D controlinformation and the D2D data are always adjacent to each other in afrequency axis.